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Structure

Structure in training is the deliberate arrangement of load and recovery at every level, from the season plan down to the segments of a single session.

Definition

“Structure” in training is the deliberate, organised arrangement of load and recovery. It exists on several levels at once: in periodisation across months, in the mesocycle across weeks, in the microcycle across days, and within a single session across minutes.

Structured training does not mean every session consists of intervals. Running 60 minutes steadily in a defined zone twice a week is just as much structure if it is planned consciously and repeated.

LevelTime horizonStructure defines
PeriodisationMonthsOrder and goal of the phases
Mesocycle3–6 weeksEmphasis, loading and recovery weeks
Microcycle1 weekDistribution of hard and easy days
SessionMinutesWarm-up, main set, intervals, cool-down

Why it matters

Adaptation needs repetition. A stimulus applied at the same time in the same form for three weeks produces a measurable change; a one-off stimulus fizzles out. Structure is the tool that makes repetition possible.

When building a structure, at least four questions should be answered:

  • Which training phase am I in?
  • Do I realistically have time for this session this week?
  • Can I repeat the session at the same time for two to three weeks?
  • Is the focus of the session clearly defined?

If one question stays open, the structure is too ambitious or too vague.

How obseed measures it

obseed compares planned and completed structure at every level. Within a session, warm-up, main set, and cool-down are detected as segments and the intensity per segment is checked against the zones from spiroergometry.

At the week and block level obseed evaluates intensity distribution: how much time was spent below VT1, between VT1 and VT2, and above VT2. If the distribution deviates from the mesocycle’s emphasis, obseed shows it. The zone boundaries come from testing, because estimated FTP values make the assignment to the three ranges unreliable.

Example

A runner is in a base mesocycle with the target “80 % of time below VT1”. Her VT1 is 152 bpm and her VT2 172 bpm.

SessionStructureDurationBelow VT1VT1–VT2Above VT2
Tuesday15 min warm-up, 6 × 3 min at VT2, 15 min cool-down60 min38 min4 min18 min
Thursday60 min steady at 140–148 bpm60 min60 min0 min0 min
Sunday100 min steady at 135–150 bpm100 min96 min4 min0 min

Weekly total: 220 minutes, of which 194 minutes below VT1, or 88 %. The structure was met. Had she run Thursday at 158 bpm, 60 minutes would have slipped into the middle range and the share would have fallen to 61 %, and the base block would have missed its goal.

Categories

  • Trainingsplanung
  • Trainingsphasen